5 Must-Have Features in a Plastic Steel Syringe factory
Syringe
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Disposable syringe with needle, with parts labelled: plunger, barrel, needle adaptor, needle hub, needle bevel, needle shaft A typical plastic medical syringe fitted with a detachable stainless steel needle; the syringe is fitted with a male Luer lock fitting which the needle, which is equipped with a female Luer-Lock fitting (purple), screws into According to the World Health Organization, about 90% of the medical syringes are used to administer drugs, 5% for vaccinations and 5% for other uses such as blood transfusions.[1]A syringe is a simple reciprocating pump consisting of a plunger (though in modern syringes, it is actually a piston) that fits tightly within a cylindrical tube called a barrel. The plunger can be linearly pulled and pushed along the inside of the tube, allowing the syringe to take in and expel liquid or gas through a discharge orifice at the front (open) end of the tube. The open end of the syringe may be fitted with a hypodermic needle, a nozzle or tubing to direct the flow into and out of the barrel. Syringes are frequently used in clinical medicine to administer injections, infuse intravenous therapy into the bloodstream, apply compounds such as glue or lubricant, and draw/measure liquids. There are also prefilled syringes (disposable syringes marketed with liquid inside).
The word "syringe" is derived from the Greek σριγξ (syrinx, meaning "Pan flute", "tube").
Medical syringes
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The threads of the Luer lock tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus. Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from plastic nor any other material An antique glass and metal syringeSectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and safety syringes, injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.[2] Hypodermic syringes are used with hypodermic needles to inject liquid or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the body. Injecting of air into a blood vessel is hazardous, as it may cause an air embolism; preventing embolisms by removing air from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the bloodstream.
The barrel of a syringe is made of plastic or glass, usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of fluid in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be sterilized in an autoclave. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/piston with a rubber tip to create a seal between the piston and the barrel, where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in European countries to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.[3] Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading blood-borne diseases. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially HIV and hepatitis, among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.[4] In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.[5]
Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon.
Tip designs
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Syringes come with a number of designs for the area in which the blade locks to the syringe body. Perhaps the most well known of these is the Luer lock, which simply twists the two together.
Bodies featuring a small, plain connection are known as slip tips and are useful for when the syringe is being connected to something not featuring a screw lock mechanism.
Similar to this is the catheter tip, which is essentially a slip tip but longer and tapered, making it good for pushing into things where there the plastic taper can form a tight seal. These can also be used for rinsing out wounds or large abscesses in veterinary use.
There is also an eccentric tip, where the nozzle at the end of the syringe is not in the centre of the syringe but at the side. This causes the blade attached to the syringe to lie almost in line with the walls of the syringe itself and they are used when the blade needs to get very close to parallel with the skin (when injecting into a surface vein or artery for example).
Standard U-100 insulin syringes
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Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".Syringes for insulin users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.[6] Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has units.
Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features:
- shorter needles,[7] as insulin injections are subcutaneous (under the skin) rather than intramuscular,
- finer gauge needles,[7] for less pain,
- markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and[8]
- low dead space to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.[9]
U-100 syringe sizes and markings
1cc (1 mL) Syringe Holds maximum: 100 units[10] Numbered in: 10 unit increments[10] Smallest line measures 2 units:[11] BD[10]ReliOn[12]
Monoject[13]
(all but 31 gauge needle) Smallest line measures 1 unit: Easy Touch[14]
Precision Sure Dose[13] 1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe Holds maximum: 50 units[15] Numbered in: 10 unit increments[15] Smallest line measures 1 unit:[11] BD[15]
Precision Sure Dose[13]
Ulti-Care[13][16]
Easy Touch[17]
ReliOn[12]
Monoject[13] 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe Holds maximum: 30 units[18] Numbered in: 5 unit increments[18] Smallest line measures 1 unit:[11] BD Micro Fine[13]
BD Ultra Fine[13][18]
(standard length only)
Monoject[13]
Easy Touch[19]
UltiCare[13] Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe[20] Holds maximum: 30 units[18] Numbered in: 5 unit increments[18] Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: BD Ultra Fine II (short)[13][18]
ReliOn[12][13]
Multishot needle syringes
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There are needle syringes designed to reload from a built-in tank (container) after each injection, so they can make several or many injections on a filling. These are not used much in human medicine because of the risk of cross-infection via the needle. An exception is the personal insulin autoinjector used by diabetic patients and in dual-chambered syringe designs intended to deliver a prefilled saline flush solution after the medication.[21]
Venom extraction syringes
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Venom extraction syringes are different from standard syringes, because they usually do not puncture the wound. The most common types have a plastic nozzle which is placed over the affected area, and then the syringe piston is pulled back, creating a vacuum that allegedly sucks out the venom. Attempts to treat snakebites in this way are specifically advised against, as they are ineffective and can cause additional injury.[22]
Syringes of this type are sometimes used for extracting human botfly larvae from the skin.[23]
Oral
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An oral syringe is a measuring instrument used to accurately measure doses of liquid medication, expressed in millilitres (mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal.
Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 110 mL and larger. An oral syringe is typically purple in colour to distinguish it from a standard injection syringe with a luer tip.[24] The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL, 3 mL, 5 mL and 10 mL.[25]
Dental syringes
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A dental syringe is a used by dentists for the injection of an anesthetic.[26] It consists of a breech-loading syringe fitted with a sealed cartridge containing an anesthetic solution.
In , Bayer Dental developed, coined and produced a sealed cartridge system under the registered trademark Carpule®. The current trademark owner is Kulzer Dental GmbH.
The carpules have long been reserved for anesthetic products for dental use. It is practically a bottomless flask. The latter is replaced by an elastomer plug that can slide in the body of the cartridge. This plug will be pushed by the plunger of the syringe. The neck is closed with a rubber cap. The dentist places the cartridge directly into a stainless steel syringe, with a double-pointed (single-use) needle. The tip placed on the cartridge side punctures the capsule and the piston will push the product. There is therefore no contact between the product and the ambient air during use.
The ancillary tool (generally part of a dental engine) used to supply water, compressed air or mist (formed by combination of water and compressed air) to the oral cavity for the purpose of irrigation (cleaning debris away from the area the dentist is working on), is also referred to as a dental syringe or a dental irrigation nozzle.
A 3-way syringe/nozzle has separate internal channels supplying air, water or a mist created by combining the pressurized air with the waterflow. The syringe tip can be separated from the main body and replaced when necessary.
In the UK and Ireland, manually operated hand syringes are used to inject lidocaine into patients' gums.[27][28][26]
Dose-sparing syringes
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A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a COVID-19 vaccineA dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the COVID-19 pandemic as vaccines were in short supply.[29]
Regulation
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In some jurisdictions, the sale or possession of hypodermic syringes may be controlled or prohibited without a prescription,[30] due to its potential use with illegal intravenous drugs.[31]
Non-medical uses
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The syringe has many non-medical applications.
Laboratory applications
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Laboratory grease, commonly used to lubricate ground glass joints and stopcocks, is sometimes loaded in syringes for easy application. Some chemical compounds, such as thermal paste and various glues, e.g. epoxy, are sold in prepackaged syringes.Medical-grade disposable hypodermic syringes are often used in research laboratories for convenience and low cost. Another application is to use the needle tip to add liquids to very confined spaces, such as washing out some scientific apparatus. They are often used for measuring and transferring solvents and reagents where a high precision is not required. Alternatively, microliter syringes can be used to measure and dose chemicals very precisely by using a small diameter capillary as the syringe barrel.
The polyethylene construction of these disposable syringes usually makes them rather chemically resistant. There is, however, a risk of the contents of the syringes leaching plasticizers from the syringe material. Non-disposable glass syringes may be preferred where this is a problem. Glass syringes may also be preferred where a very high degree of precision is important (i.e. quantitative chemical analysis), because their engineering tolerances are lower and the plungers move more smoothly. In these applications, the transfer of pathogens is usually not an issue.
Used with a long needle or cannula, syringes are also useful for transferring fluids through rubber septa when atmospheric oxygen or moisture are being excluded. Examples include the transfer of air-sensitive or pyrophoric reagents such as phenylmagnesium bromide and n-butyllithium respectively. Glass syringes are also used to inject small samples for gas chromatography (1 μl) and mass spectrometry (10 μl). Syringe drivers may be used with the syringe as well.
Cooking
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Some culinary uses of syringes are injecting liquids (such as gravy) into other foods, or for the manufacture of some candies.
Syringes may also be used when cooking meat to enhance flavor and texture by injecting juices inside the meat, and in baking to inject filling inside a pastry. It is common for these syringes to be made of stainless steel components, including the barrel. Such facilitates easy disassembly and cleaning.
Others
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Syringes are used to refill ink cartridges with ink in fountain pens.
Common workshop applications include injecting glue into tight spots to repair joints where disassembly is impractical or impossible; and injecting lubricants onto working surfaces without spilling.
Sometimes a large hypodermic syringe is used without a needle for very small baby mammals to suckle from in artificial rearing.
Historically, large pumps that use reciprocating motion to pump water were referred to as syringes. Pumps of this type were used as early firefighting equipment.
There are fountain syringes where the liquid is in a bag or can and goes to the nozzle via a pipe. In earlier times, clyster syringes were used for that purpose.
Loose snus is often applied using modified syringes. The nozzle is removed so the opening is the width of the chamber. The snus can be packed tightly into the chamber and plunged into the upper lip. Syringes, called portioners, are also manufactured for this particular purpose.
Historical timeline
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De Medicina by the Roman author Aulus Cornelius Celsus, later the first medical textbook to be printedSee also
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References
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Further reading
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- Hans-Jürgen Bässler und Frank Lehmann : Containment Technology: Progress in the Pharmaceutical and Food Processing Industry. Springer, Berlin , ISBN 978-
Syringe parts
Description
A 3-part syringe is equipped with a plunger that fits tightly and ideally in a tube. Pushing or pulling the plunger, a liquid or gas could be drawn in or expelled through an orifice at the open end of the barrel. As the phrase implies, a 3-part syringe consists of three essential parts, and these are
(1) the barrel: It is where medicine is held in the barrel before injection and is usually transparent.
(2) the plunger and gasket: It is used to pull or push the medicines.
(3) the needle: It is a sharp hollow tube that pierces the skin and enables medication to be injected into the body.
3-part syringeWith all the syringe parts working together, the 3-part syringe injects a medicine, a biological product, and related substances into the human bodydirectly or through another device that could be an infusion set. Compared with a 3-part syringe, a 2-part syringe is without a gasket on the top of the plunger.
Syringe parts
Syringe partsThe syringe comprises several essential parts: the needle, barrel, plunger with gasket. Each of these syringe parts serves a crucial role in the overall functionality and efficacy of the syringe.
Needle
The needle is a sharp, hollow tube that punctures the skin, facilitating the injection of medication into the body. The needle is the part of the syringe responsible for this process. Without the hypodermic needle, the human tissue or the injection site of the infusion set cannot be penetrated. Therefore, the contents of the syringe cannot be transferred to its intended beneficiary.
The hypodermal needles have three parts.
Hub: this part is made of polypropylene, and it fits on the top of the syringe.
Cannula: the cannula is a hollow tube-like long needle that is made of stainless steel.
Cap: it is usually made of PP and used to protect the cannula from contamination.
Barrel
This is the cylindrical tube of the syringe wherein the plunger can be pushed in or pulled out. It is made up of polypropylene.
Plunger with gasket
This is the part inside the barrel, which can be pushed or pulled. If pulled, a liquid or gas will be sucked inside the barrel. If pushed, the fluid or the gas will be expelled. The plunger is also made up of polypropylene.
The gasket is the rubberized material attached to the plungers lower end. It prevents fluid or gas from returning or leaking while the plunger is pushed or pulled. The gasket could be made up of latex or latex-free material. Hence, the latex-free syringe is highly recommended for patients who are allergic to latex.
Luer-lock syringes
The Luer lock syringe allows the needle to be twisted onto the tip and is finally locked in place. This ensures that the needle cannot be knocked off or removed if not intended. Thus, this type of syringe prevents accidental removal of the needle while a fluid or a medication is injected. It also ensures that the leaking of any liquid being injected is prevented.
Luer lock syringesLuer-slip syringes
These syringes do not have threading at the tip. They do not have the mechanism of locking the needle. The needle is simply pushed down the Luer-taper tip and fits very snugly.
Luer slip syringeThere are two types of Luer-slip syringes in tip types: (1) Luer-slip centric and (2) Luer-slip eccentric. In the centric type, the barrels opening where fluid or air could enter or exit is located at the center of the bottom end; in the eccentric type, the opening is situated at the peripheral side of the bottom end. The eccentric type is used to puncture the surface vein or artery.
SyringesThe Luer-slip syringes are used to inject non-oily medications or substances. Not provided with a lock, they cannot withstand the high pressure required by oily substances from the plunger. But having no lock, it is easier and quicker to fit the needle to the syringe tip.
Syringe and the hypodermic needle
The hypodermic needle is a very important part of the syringe. Without the hypodermic needle, the human tissue or the injection site of the infusion set cannot be penetrated. Therefore, the contents of the syringe cannot be transferred to its intended beneficiary.
Hypodermic needleMeasurements for syringe and needle
The syringe and the needle work in pairs and together. For the pair to work more efficiently, the nature of the work where they will be used needs to be assessed.
Some of the questions to be answered are: (1) What is the volume of the medication to be used? (2) What route of administration will be used? Is it subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous? What is the age and physical size of the recipient, the patient? Suppose these have been answered, then, before using the syringe and the needle.
In that case, some measurements need to be factored in so that their inherent functions can be discharged most appropriately. These are the measurements that need to be considered in the selection of the syringe and the needle: (1) needle gauge, (2) needle length, and (3) syringe size.
Needle gauge
This indicates the thinness or thickness of the needle. The lower the gauge is, the wider the diameter of the needle. Thus, the gauge measures the diameter of the needle.
When a small amount of a substance needs to be injected, a higher gauge needle should be used to be less painful. Suppose a larger amount of medication needs to be injected. In that case, a low-gauge needle should be used so that the injection can be accomplished faster. The flow of the drug will be much faster if the diameter of the needle is wider.
Needle length
The length has to be factored in, too, before deciding to use a particular needle. For subcutaneous injection, wherein the needle has to reach only the area immediately below the skin, a shorter needle can be used. For intramuscular injection, especially for a bigger and stocky body, a longer needle needs to be used.
Syringe size
The syringe size has to be considered, too, when injecting medication. For example, the syringe volume size could be 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 ml. and so on.
Suppose a 4 ml of medicine will be injected, for example. In that case, it is logical and most appropriate that a 5 ml syringe will be used. However, if a 2.5 ml syringe is used, two injections will be needed to ultimately deliver the 4 ml medication.
On the other hand, if the larger syringe is used, such as 15 ml, volume size, to deliver 4 ml medication. It would be harder to see the 4 ml marking on the syringe barrel. So, the amount of drug injected is very likely either lesser or more than what is needed.
Care of and precautions for syringes
· For disposable syringes, never use them after their first use.
· Before using any form of a syringe, inspect the syringe parts and ensure that there are no cracks and other forms of breakages. Also, ensure that there are no grease traces, dust, deformities, and other unwanted materials.
· Ensure that the wrapping of the syringe is not opened and tampered with before using it.
· Before disposing of any form of a syringe, ensure that the plastic cap of the needle is in place and follow the approved disposal procedure of the medical clinic or hospital.
· Store the syringes in a place where the right temperature is available and free from insects that could contaminate them.
Company Introduction
Liaoning KANGYI Medical Equipment Co., Ltd was founded in and is one of the leading manufacturers of IV sets, syringes, and medical parts in China. Quality is our highest priority, and our quality assurance system is certified and meets the standards of the Chinese National Medical Products Administration, ISO , and the European Unions CE mark.
We produce over 600 million pieces per year. Our products are sold across China and exported worldwide, to destinations including Europe, South America, Russia, Africa, and the Middle East.
Our company employs over 300 staff, including 50 people working in engineering and technical management. Our premises occupy an area of 20,000 square meters, with a construction area of 15,000 square meters. This space includes a 100,000-class purification workshop that occupies 8,000 square meters.
If you want to know more about us and talk face to face, we welcome you to visit our booth in CMEF Shanghai and Hospitalar in Brazil.
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