5 Types of Touchscreen with Their Pros and Cons

With the growth of smart devices, the application of touchscreens is getting closer and closer to our life. Various electronic devices, vehicle tools, daily entertainment equipment, shopping navigation equipment, etc., and the LCD touchscreen has already been integrated into our daily life. When we meet various touch technologies and choose a device with a touchscreen, many questions often arise. What are the advantages of touch displays, and how to choose a better one? Today I will show you a brief introduction to 5 common types of touch screens, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

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According to the touch principle, touch screens can be divided into five basic types: capacitive touchscreens, resistive touchscreens, infrared technology touchscreens, surface acoustic wave technology touchscreens, and low electromagnetic guidance touchscreens. In fact, there are four types of touch screens that we often come into contact with at present, they are resistive touch, capacitive touch, infrared and surface acoustic wave touch. We mainly introduce the differences between these 4 types of touch displays.

1: Capacitive Touchscreen

The technology of the capacitive touch is inseparable from the human body. It needs the mutual induction of the human body current and the ITO conductive layer to work.

First of all, the capacitive touch has 4 layers of glass. The inner surface of the glass and the interlayer are each coated with a layer of ITO. The outermost layer is a protective layer of silica glass. The interlayer ITO coating is used as the working surface, and the electrodes are respectively drawn out from the four corners. when there is a touch with the human body, the finger and the working surface form a current, and the current flows out from the electrodes on the four corners of the touch screen, and the electrodes can sense the change of the surface charge and then determine the coordinates of the touch point. Capacitive touchscreens require only touch, not pressure.

Pros of Capacitive Touchscreen

1. The capacitive touch has fewer corrections working after production, which can improve work efficiency and reduce the generation of defective products;

2. Long working life;

3. Light transmittance and clarity are better than the resistive touchscreen;

4. Capacitive touch is easy to design on large-size LCD display and the cost is relatively low;

5. Can support multi-touch technology.

Cons of Capacitive Touchscreens

1. When a large-area palm or a handheld conductor is close to the capacitive touch display, even if there is no touch on the screen panel, it can also cause a touch action on the display panel;

2. For objects such as wearing gloves or holding an insulating object, the touch does not work, because the insulation medium is added, and the touch point will move;

2. The light transmittance of the capacitive touch screen is not uniform, and there is a problem with color distortion. Due to the reflection of light between the layers, the image characters will be blurred;

4. When the ambient temperature and humidity change, it will cause the capacitive touch point to move and the touch will be inaccurate.

2: Resistive Touchscreen

A resistive touchscreen is a type of touchscreen that uses pressure sensing for control.

It uses two layers of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) plastic film (ITO+Glass) coated with conductive function. The side of adjacent to the film and glass are all coated with ITO coating. When there is no pressure, there is a gap between the two layers of ITO, and the certain gap is in a non-conductive state. When there is pressure, whether it is human finger pressure or object pressure, the two ITO layers will contact to form a current signal, and then convert the corresponding pressure point by detecting the X-axis and Y-axis voltage changes to complete the touch processing of the entire screen mechanism.

Pros of Resistive Touchscreens

1. Mature technology, low cost;

2. Good environmental adaptability, no worry about the influence of dust, water vapor and oil pollution;

3. Good stability, both the human body and objects can be touched;

4. The precision of the resistive touch screen is high; it is easy to design on a large resolution LCD screen;

Cons of Resistive Touchscreens

1. The touchscreen is easily scratched and the makes the touch is unavailable;

2. Poor light transmission, easy to increase battery consumption;

3. When multi-touch is used, due to unbalanced pressure, the tactility is not good, and the touch point will be incorrect;

4. Relatively low touch sensitivity.

Click this to check the Difference Between Resistive Touchscreen and Capacitive Touchscreen.

3: Infrared  Touchscreen

The infrared touchscreen is easy to install, just add a light spot distance frame on the LCD display panel, no need to coat any IoT. The infrared touch display uses the dense infrared matrix in the X and Y directions to detect and locate the touch point. When the user touches the screen, the touching object will block the two horizontal and vertical infrared rays passing through the position, so as to obtain the position of the touch point to realize the touch. Any touching object can change the infrared rays on the contacts to realize the touch screen operation.

Pros of Infrared Touchscreen

1. The infrared touchscreen is not affected by the current, voltage and static electricity;

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2. Low price, easy installation, no need for any controller;

3. Compatible with computers of various grades.

Cons of Infrared Touchscreen

1. Difficult to use on large size LCD screens;

2. Easily disturbed by external light,

3. The infrared touch screen is not waterproof or oil-proof, and any small foreign objects will cause errors and affect its performance.

4. Surface Acoustic Wave Touchscreen

The touch screen part surface of acoustic wave touch can be in a flat, spherical or cylindrical glass plate, a piece of glass installed in front of the CRT, LED, LCD or plasma display screen. This glass has been strengthened and specially treated, and it is installed on the surface of the display. Vertical and horizontal ultrasonic senders are installed on the upper left and lower right corners of the glass, and ultrasonic receivers are installed in the upper right and low left corners. when the finger touches the glass surface, the finger absorbs part of the sound wave energy, the controller records this anomaly and calculates the position of the touch point.

Pros Surface Acoustic Wave Touchscreen

1. High clarity and good light transmittance.

2. Highly durable, good scratch resistance and responsive.

3. Not affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, high resolution, and long prolife;

4. High light transmittance, can maintain clear and bright image quality;

Cons of Surface Acoustic Wave Touchscreen

1. Applicable to smaller screens, hard to use on larger screens more than 30 inches;

2. Susceptible to moisture damage, so not suitable for many industrial and commercial applications;

3. Dirty surfaces can cause dark spots on the screen and require regular cleaning

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Introduced so much knowledge about touchscreens, we provide customers with personalized LCD TFT display solutions, we provide different touch technology TFT LCD panel customization according to customer requirements, and design touch solutions that meet the requirements according to user application scenarios, such as different material glove touch, water environment touch, saltwater environment touch, hover touch, 3D (force) touch, haptic touch, etc. Orient Display can also provide very low cost fixed area button touch, single (one) finger touch, double finger (one finger+ one gesture) touch, 5 finger touch, 10 points touch or even 16 points touch.

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Earlier resistive and capacitive touch screens had a strong foothold in the touch screen market. However, as the demand for touch applications spurred, more technologies have been introduced to streamline the production process with all kinds of needs. Infrared (IR) touch screens are one of those technologies that become an excellent alternative for applications where capacitive or resistive touch technology doesn&#;t fit right.

What is IR-Infrared Touch Screen Technology?
An infrared touch screen is composed of an LCD monitor and an IR touch frame. The touch frame outfitted with LEDs and photodetectors, consists of an optical bezel or protective cover that enables LEDs to emit infrared beams but are invisible to the naked eye. This process creates an optical grid on the display&#;s surface, and during the touch event, it blocks some of the light beams, allowing photodetectors to detect these interruptions.

Given their reliability, accuracy, and durability, IR-Infrared Touch Screens are used for a variety of interactive applications, including retail, gaming, healthcare, and manufacturing. However, the traditional IR touch sensor technology also has a few limitations.

Limitations of Infrared Touch Screens

Susceptibility to from Bright Light Interference:
Ambient light can cause problems with infrared touch screens. Touch detection can be hampered by strong sources of infrared light, such as strobing sunlight or bright interior illumination.

Restricted Touch Detection in Some Conditions:
When a user operates a touch application using a stylus which is too narrow to interrupt light beams, the screen may become inactive. Styluses must be wide enough to break at least one of the light beams to trigger a touch event.

Power Consumption is Higher Than Other Touch Technologies:
Traditional infrared touch screens require more power than other touch screen technologies, such as capacitive or resistive. The demand for continuous infrared light emission quire often requires a more robust power supply.

Overcoming These Limitations with A D Metro&#;s LCIR Touch Technology:
Considering these limitations and challenges of using traditional infrared touch screens, A D Metro has engineered an advanced IR touch sensor known as linear correlating infrared (LCIR) touch technology. A D Metro&#;s patented linear correlating infrared (LCIR) touch technology delivers highly responsive, precise, glove-compatible, two-touch, zero-force operation.

The LCIR design improves over traditional infrared touch systems in several ways. Traditional infrared touch systems include rectangular sensor frames, LEDs, and photodetectors, optionally enclosed by a bezel or cover which also includes the controller interface. Whereas LCIR touch systems consist of a sensor frame and a separate external controller board. This makes the touch frame very compact and easy to integrate into most displays where other makes are quite large with restricting frame heights and widths which can make integration a challenge. Also, LCIR does not use a glass substrate panel to mount the optics frame onto to keep narrow beam optics used in standard IR optically aligned. Such a glass panel can interfere with the clarity and transmissivity of the display. If the display has contrast enhancements applied, this glass panel will greatly diminish the effectiveness of such enhancements like anti-reflective films or circular polarizers and produce a lot of reflectance and reduce transmissivity.

The linear correlation technology does not look at just one light beam at a time but look at a group of 5 simultaneously as the groups progress across each plane of the screen. This allows for wider beam optics and negates the need for a glass panel to keep narrow beam optics aligned so there is nothing between the user&#;s eyes and the display itself. This type of touch detection also provides complete ambient light immunity no matter if it&#;s strong sunlight or strobing light or both. The LCIR design provides two-touch performance by employing optical scans at different angles across the touch sensing area &#; ideal for pinch, zoom, and rotate actions.

The revolutionary LCIR solution from A D Metro is an excellent alternative for applications that demand multi-touch functionality but struggle to integrate projected capacitive (PCAP) touch sensors because of their operational limitations. Even in harsh settings like high radio frequency interference (RFI) and full sunlight interference, LCIR technology provides:

• 100% optical clarity/maximum contrast due to the absence of a substrate layer;
• 100% sunlight immunity, including strobing sunlight;
• Reliable two-touch functionality;
• Compatible with Gloved fingers and 5mm stylus touch input.

Conclusion:
A D Metro&#;s patented LCIR touch technology helps improve the usability of traditional IR-infrared touch screens for a variety of interactive applications. Most importantly, the LCIR touch screens are an excellent solution for defense, automotive, aviation, and medical applications and all markets where ultra-reliable touch screen function is critical.

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