Basic Knowledge of Fabrics of Home Textiles

Home textiles are called "soft decoration" in the home decoration package, and it plays a decisive role in creating a home atmosphere. Home textiles are understood by many people as bedding. In fact, home textiles refer to all textile products used in the family, including daily textile products and decorative textile products.

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In home textiles, the cloth on the surface is called fabric, and the selection of home textile fabrics depends on the texture, color and pattern of the raw materials. For customers, the most concerned thing is the fabric, and the most asked question is also about the fabric. The requirements on home textile fabric are high. In addition to internal quality, it must also have a good appearance, and the tear strength, abrasion resistance, moisture absorption, softness, shrinkage, and color fastness of the fabric must meet national standards or industry standards. Therefore, fabric knowledge is very important for shopping guides.

1. Yarn fineness of home textiles

In the sales of home textiles, shopping guides will always face the concept of yarn count. Yarn count, that is, the imperial count, is an indicator of the fineness of the yarn. It is defined as a yarn fineness of 1 when the length of a pound of cotton yarn is 840 yards at a predetermined moisture regain of 9.89%. If a pound of yarn has a length of 10 x 840 yards, its fineness is 10. The larger the yarn count, the finer the yarn. It should be noted that yarn count is a non-legal indicator of fineness. The legal indicator currently used for fineness is linear density, and its unit of measurement is Tex. The higher the linear density, the finer the yarn.

2. Fabric density of home textiles

The warp and weft density of a fabric refers to the number of warp or weft yarns per unit length of the fabric along the warp and weft directions. The national standard stipulates that cotton fabrics and wool fabrics are expressed in metric density, that is, the number of warp and weft yarns within a width of 10 cm. The fabric density of home textiles China and the warp and weft density have an important impact on the quality, fastness, hand feel, air permeability and cost of the fabric, so the density is one of the important indicators of the fabric.

3. Fabric tightness of home textiles

The tightness of fabrics composed of yarns of different warp and weft yarn densities (yarn count) cannot be measured by the density index. The warp and weft yarn densities (yarn count) and density must be considered at the same time to obtain an index representing the tightness of the fabric, that is, the fabric tightness. The concept of tightness in the warp and weft direction of home textile fabrics refers to the ratio of the diameter of the warp and weft yarns to the average center distance between the two warp and weft yarns, expressed as a percentage.

4. Fabric shrinkage rate of home textiles

Fabric shrinkage rate of home textiles refers to the percentage of fabric shrinkage after washing or entering water. In the national standard, the shrinkage rate of fabrics is required to be controlled within 4%. The level of fabric shrinkage is also one of the conditions to measure the quality of the product.

Home textile is a branch of technical textile comprising application of textiles in household purposes. Home textiles are nothing but an internal environment, which deals with internal spaces and their furnishings. Home textiles are mainly used for their functional and aesthetic properties which provides us the mood and also gives mental relaxation to the people.

Definition of Home Textile

Home textiles can be defined as the textiles used for home furnishing. It consists of a various range of functional as well as decorative products used mainly for decorating our houses. The fabrics are used for home textiles consists of both natural and man-made fibres. Sometimes we also blend these fibres to make the fabrics stronger. Generally, home textiles are produced by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, or pressing fibers together.

Different Types of Home Textile Products

A considerable portion of home furnishings consists of textiles. A number of these furnishings are typical in households and are made according to certain general methods of construction and composition. The basic
items may be grouped as Sheets and Pillowcases, Blankets, Terry towels, Table cloths, and carpets and Rugs.

Sheets and Pillowcases

References to sheets and pillowcases are generally related to fabrics woven with a plain weave of cotton, or more often, cotton/polyester blended yarns. If they have easy care, no-iron properties, they are likely to be so labeled. It may be noted that sheets and pillowcases are also made to a laminated extent of linen, silk, acetate, and nylon; the constructions vary from plain to satin weave or knitted.

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Sheets and pillowcases are identified according to types based on thread count: 124, 128, 130, 140, 180, and 200. The higher the count, the closer and more uniform the weave; the more compact the weave, the greater the resistance to wear.

Sheets and pillowcases are generally labeled. But one can always examine them for quality. By holding the fabric up to the light, one can determine whether it is firmly, closely and uniformly woven. It should look smooth. Lengthwise and crosswise threads should be of the same even thickness, rather than thick or thin in spots. There should be no weak places, knots, or slubs, and the yarns should run straight and unbroken.

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Sheets are made in two types: flat and fitted. Both types are made to fit five typical size mattress: crib, twin, full or double, queen, and king. Pillowcases are generally produced in sizes to fit pillows of standard, queen and king size.

Blankets

Blankets are made of various constructions and compositions, which provide different degrees of warmth, softness, and durability. They are usually woven, but can be knitted or stitch-knitted or by flocking fibres onto a polyurethane foam base. The yarns may be composed wholly or of blends of cotton, wool, nylon, acrylic, or polyester.

Blankets may be classified into three basic types: conventional, thermal, and flocked polyurethane. Their characteristics are somewhat different in appearance, texture, warmth, durability and care.

Conventional blankets are usually woven with soft-twist yarns, in the filling and higher twist yarns in the warp. The yarns may be of wool, acrylic, polyester, or blends of these fibres. Blends containing nylon are also used. The fabric is heavily napped to produce a thick, close, fuzzy surface. Thermal blankets are either woven in a variation of the plain weave, such as a honeycomb pattern, or knitted in a manner that produces an open lightweight construction. The soft-twist yarns may be of cotton, wool, acrylic, polyester, or a blend of any of these fibres. The fabric is not napped. Flocked polyurethane blankets are composed of polyurethane foam base covered with fibre flocking, usually nylon, held in position with an acrylic adhesive. They are very soft, resilient, and sometimes spongy. They tend to have a misty appearance, particularly in the lighter colors, due to the flocking. They are relatively light in weight.

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Terry Towels

The primary function of a terry towel is to absorb moisture from wet skin. It must, however, be strong enough to withstand the strain of the rubbing and pulling, twisting and tugging of the user, and of constant laundering. Terry towels are made either of all-cotton, or a combination of cotton and polyester. While polyester provides increased strength, lighter weight, faster drying after laundering and less shrinkage, all-cotton towels provide greater absorbency.

One should not purchase towels merely by a brand name because the name identifies only the manufacturer, not a particular quality of terry towels. A company may manufacture many different grades and qualities of terry towels under the same brand name.

Terry towels are divided by size into five groups, guest, hand, bath, extra large, and beach.

Table Cloths

Table cloths are generally made of cotton, linen, rayon, polyester, or blends of any combination of these fibres. They are produced in various ways, designs, and patterns. Among the most popular are damask and lace constructions. Of the damask, linen is the most expensive and has set the mode or style frequently imitated with the less costly fibres. Although linen damask generally requires greater care of laundering and ironing than such easy care finished cloths as are made from cotton/polyester blends, linen damask tablecloths continue to enjoy a high status because of their beauty, luxuriousness, and durability.

Carpets and Rugs

Floor coverings have been made from textile fibres for more than five thousand years. Throughout civilization, rugs and carpets have formed a part of the history and culture of races and nations. Well chosen rugs and carpets serve as a colorful foundation for the decorative plan and color scheme of all rooms in the modern home including kitchen, bathrooms, patios and pool edges, as well as for schools, office buildings, and hospitals. Carpets also serve as heat and sound insulators. As floor coverings are among the more costly items in a house furnishings budget, careful consideration must be given to fibre, color, decorative character and design, size and construction to obtain the best value of any price level.

The term &#;rug&#; and &#;carpet&#; are sometimes used synonymously, but the form or the size in which these coverings are manufactured differs. Rugs may vary in shape as well as in width and length. The factors that account for differences in price are the type, quality, and quantity of fibre used, as well as the amount of twist in the yarn, the number of plies in the yarn, and the basic method of construction. Machine-made carpets may be tufted, woven, needled or knitted.

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