Railroad Rail | Section Specifications Of Train Track Rails
Railroad Rail | Section Specifications Of Train Track Rails
Railroad rail, railroad track, or train track rail, is a key component of railroad systems. Most of the railroads are constructed by two parallel rails laying on railroad ties. Railroad rails nowadays are mainly made of steel through a series of manufacturing processes. It can undertake much more loads than ordinary metal products due to the extremely high strength. Thus, trains can get a stable and smooth surface to roll upon.
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Rail section size
Modern railroad rails have an “I-beam” shape cross-section. The main parameters of the rail section include the rail height, the width of the head, the width of the base, the thickness of the web. Different types of rails can be recognized according to the rail section and rail weight.
50kg/m rail60kg/m rail75kg/m railTypical railroad rail section specification
ItemUnitCHN 75kg RailCHN 60kg RailCHN 50kg RailCHN 45kg RailWeight per meterkg74.41460.6451.51444.653Rail heightmm192176152140Width of basemm150150132111Height of headmm55.348.54242Width of headmm75737070Thickness of webmm2016.515.514.5Sectional areacm295.07377.4565.857the distance between the center of gravity and rail base mm88817169moment of inertia on horizontal axiscm 44490321720371489moment of inertia on vertical axiscm 4665524377260Lower section coefficientcm3509396287217Upper section coefficientcm3432339251208Bottom transverse flexibility section coefficientcm389705746Rail section size of Chinese GB standard railsTypical chemical composition of railroad rail (%)
Rail GradeCSiMnPSAlVTensile Strength (Mpa)Elongation (%)U71Mn0.65~0.760.15~0.351.10~1.40≤0.025≤0.04—0.038838U71MnSi0.65~0.750.85~1.151.10~1.15≤0.04≤0.04 ≤≤8838U75V0.71~0.780.50~0.700.75~1.05≤0.0250.008~0.0250.0040.04~0.08900 UIC 900A0.60~0.800.10~0.500.80~1.30≤0.040≤0.040——880~103010TGV0.60~0.800.10~0.500.80~1.30≤0.035≤0.030≤0.004— EN 0.60~0.820.13~0.600.65~1.25≤0.030≤0.030≤0.004— JIS 11010.63~0.750.15~0.300.70~1.10≤0.030≤0.025——Note：EN-European Standard; JIE1101-Japanese Industry Standard 1101-1993
Rail size tolerance and flatness requirements
The size tolerance and flatness of the rail section are also an important indicator of rail quality. If the cross-sectional size deviation is too large and the straightness is poor, it is difficult to lay high-quality railroad tracks. To ensure the stability of the train operation, the geometry and position of the track are required to be stable. To achieve this, high-precision dimensions and high straightness of the rail road tracks are essential.
Table 3-1 below lists the technical conditions of Beijing & Shanghai high-speed railway, foreign high-speed railway UIC860, JISEI011 (Japanese Industrial Standard 1101-1993), TGV, EN (European Standards Association), Chinese GB2585 and TBT2344 standards stipulate the allowable deviation of the rail size.
Table 3-2 lists the requirements of the above standards for rail straightness.
Size tolerance of typical high-speed rail road tracks in the world （mm）
ItemBJ & SHUIC860JISE1011TGVEN(A)EN(B)GB2585TB/T2344Rail height±0.5±0.6±1.0±0.5±0.5±0.6＋0.8， －0.5±0.5Width of head±0.5±0.5±0.8，－0.5±0.5±0.5±0.50.5—Thickness of web－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0－0.5~＋1.0Width of base±1.0－0.5~＋1.0±0.8±0.8±1.0±1.0＋1.0，－2.0＋1.0，－2.0The flatness of rail bottomSunken≤0.3—Uneven≤0.4—Sunken≤0.3Sunken≤0.3Sunken≤0.5Sunken≤0.5AsymmetryHead≤0.5， base≤1.0±1.5Head to base offset ≤0.5±1.5±1.2±1.2Head≤0.5， base≤1.0Head≤0.5， base≤1.0End face verticality≤0.6≤0.6≤0.5≤0.6≤0.6≤0.6≤1.0≤1.03-1 Note：BJ & SH standards for the technical standards in Beijing & Shanghai；GB-Chinese Standard； TB-China Railway StandardThe flatness of typical high-speed train track rails in the world （mm）
PartItemBeijing & ShanghaiUIC860JISE1101TGVEN（A）EN（B）GB2585TB/T2344Rail endVertical flatness (up)0.4/2, 0.3/10.7/1.51.7/1.50.4/2, 0.3/10.5/1.50.5/1.50.8/10.5/1Vertical flatness(down)0.2/2000.2/20.2/20.2/1.50.2/10.2/1Horizontal flatness0.5/2, 0.4/10.7/1.50.5/1.50.5/2, 0.4/10.6/2, 0.4/10.7/1.50.8/10.5/1Rail bodyVertical Flatness0.3/3, 0.2/1——0.3/3， 0.2/10.3/3， 0.2/10.4/3， 0.3/1——Horizontal flatness0.45/1.5——0.45/1.50.6/1.50.6/1.5——Overlapping areaVertical Flatness0.3/2———0.3/20.4/1.5——Horizontal flatness0.6/2———0.6/20.6/1.5——Full lengthUpper and lower bend≤5mm—10/10≤5mm≤5mm≤5mm0.5%0.5%Side bendR＞1500m—10/10R＞1500mR＞1500mR＞1500m0.5%0.5%Edgedistortion0.455/10.4/1——0.455/10.455/1——Full lengthdistortion2.5m—1.0m—2.5m2.5m0.1%0.1%
AGICO hot sale railroad rails
railroad rails manufacture-AGICOApproved by China’s Railway Ministry, Anyang General International Co., Ltd (AGICO) can provide a complete range of railroad tracks conform to International standards. Products such as GB light rail, GB heavy rail, QU crane rail, ASCE rail, 115RE rail, UIC60 rail, UIC54 rail, 90lbs rail, DIN536 rail, etc, are quite popular among customers worldwide.
- Specifications of American Standard Rail (AREMA/ASCE Rails)
- Specification of British rail (BS11:1985)
- Specification of European Standard Rail (EN 13674-1-2003)
- DIN Crane Rail
- Specification of Indian Standard Rail (ISCR)
- Specifications of Japanese Standard Rail ( JIS E1103-93/JIS E1101-93 )
- Specification of Australian Standard Rail (AS 1085)
- Specification of South African Standard Rail ( ISCOR )
- Specifications Of Chinese Standard Rail
Light Rail Specification ( GB11264-89/YB222-63 )
SizeHead (mm)Height (mm)Base (mm)Web (mm)Nominal weight (kg/m)Sectional Area Cm29kg32.163.563.55.98.9411.2912kg38.169.8569.857.5412.215.5415kg42.8679.3779.378.3315.219.3318kg4090801018.0623.0722kg50.893.6693.6610.7222.328.3930kg60.33107.95107.9512.330.138.32Heavy Rail Specification (GB2585-2007)
SizeHead (mm)Height (mm)Base (mm)Web (mm)Nominal weight (kg/m)MaterialLength （m）Sectional Area Cm243kg7014011414.544.6550Mn/U71Mn12.5-2557.050kg7015213215.551.5150Mn/U71Mn12.5-2565.860kg7317615016.560.64u71mn/u75vx8-2577.45Crane Rail Specification (YB/T5055-93)
SizeHead (mm)Height (mm)Base (mm)Web (mm)Nominal weight (kg/m)MaterialLength （m）Sectional Area Cm2QU70 Rail701201202852.8U71Mn1267.3QU80 Rail801301303263.69U71Mn1281.13QU100 Rail1001501503888.96U71Mn12113.32QU120 Rail12017017044118.1U71Mn12150.44Three Types of Rail Track & Their Fastening Systems
Three Types of Rail Track & Their Rail Fastening Systems
In the world there are mainly three types of rail tracks, normal rail track, high speed rail track and subway track. In order to meeting the requirements of locomotive and transportation on the tracks, people designed various types of rail fastening systems relevantly.
Normal railway fastening system
The designation of track for normal railway aims at slow and middle speed train for passengers or freights. The maximum speed of train is below 160km/h generally.
Throughout developing history of railway, normal railway has experienced the stages of wooden sleeper and concrete sleeper, its railway fastening systems changed relevantly globally. At early period, spike fastening system was applied on the track with wooden sleeper. Afterwards, with the use of concrete sleeper, clamp fastening system was designed and used early. With the speed increases gradually, great improvements have been made for designing new fastening system to meet higher requirements of tracks. E-clip fastening system and W-clip fastening system are widely used in the world. Take E1609, E1809, E1813, SKL1, SKL3, etc. for examples, similar clip fastening systems are widely used for normal railway tracks. In addition, KPO fastening systems are famous for good function and high performance.
High speed rail fastening system
The designation of track for high speed railway aims at very high speed train for only passenger. The speed of train is no less than 250km/h, the fastest speed of train reaches 486km/h at present in China. With the pursuit of more comfortable and effective transportation tools, high speed trains are more and more welcomed by most passengers. Because of the high speed, safety, reliability and durability of the train need to be paid more attention by researchers and designers.
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Nowadays there are three relatively successful types of high speed railways which are Europe high speed rail system, Japan high speed rail system and China high speed rail system.
Germany and France are the representatives of Europe high speed rail systems. In Germany special W-clip fastening systems are adopted such as SKL 300 and SKL 336 fastening systems, and the main fasteners are SKL12 or SKL14.
Recently China has made a great breakthrough on high speed technologies. On the tracks of high speed lines of Type VI, Type V fastening systems, WJ7 and WJ8 fastening systems are widely used. They are designed by China on the basis other high speed fastening systems.
Subway rail fastening system
Subway, also named metro, the designation of its track aims at urban transportation for only passenger. The speed of subway is more than 100km/h, the fastest speed of train reaches at 160km/h at present in China. In addition, subway rail fastening system must meet other function for better city environment such as shock absorption & noise reduction.
In 1978, a kind of subway rail fastening system, named Cologne egg, was developed and used on Cologne subway in Germany. It was with excellent performance of shock absorption & noise reduction. Later on it was applied on many city lines such as Washington in US.
There are many types of subway rail fastening systems designed and produced by China and they are called DT series.
Crane rail and crane rail fastening system
The crane rail fastening system is composed of crane rail, crane rail clips, crane sole plates and other crane rail fasteners. This kind of crane rail and crane fastening system are mainly used for the crane track. The crane is used to hoist and transport cargo containers. It usually has a large load, so the performance requirements of the crane rails and crane rail fasteners are higher.
Crane rail
Compared with ordinary rails, the crane rail is wider and have a larger force area. The choice of crane rail type should be determined in strict accordance with the size of crane wheel.
Crane sole plates
When the load of the crane reaches a certain tonnage, the underside of the crane rail needs to bear continuous great pressure. At this time, it need a continuous type crane sole plate under the crane rail. The continuous type crane sole plate is different from the ordinary iron plate. It is the same length as the crane rail, continuous floor laid under the crane rail, to play a supporting role.
Crane rail pad
Similar to the principle of continuous type crane sole plate. When encountering cranes with excessive load, the rubber pad also needs to use a continuous type crane rail pad to support the track.
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