What are the different types of factory cranes?

Cranes are lifting equipment widely used in various industries for transporting and moving heavy objects. Several types of cranes are available, each with unique features and capabilities. In this article, we will explore the six main types of cranes: overhead cranes, gantry cranes, jib cranes, portable gantry cranes, workstation overhead cranes, and electric hoists, and their respective advantages and suitability for different types of factory conditions.

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Overhead Cranes -The best types of cranes for most plants

An overhead crane is a type of crane that is commonly used in industrial settings for the transportation and movement of heavy objects. These cranes are suspended from the ceiling or roof of the building, allowing them to move heavy loads throughout the facility.

Advantages of Overhead Cranes

One of the primary advantages of overhead cranes is their ability to lift heavy loads. These cranes can lift objects weighing several tons, making them ideal for industries such as construction, manufacturing, and warehousing. Additionally, overhead cranes can move in multiple directions, which increases their flexibility and versatility.

Another advantage of overhead cranes is their high speed and precision. These cranes can move quickly and accurately, reducing the time and effort required to move heavy objects from one location to another. Overhead cranes are also ideal for facilities with limited floor space, as they do not require a lot of floor space.

Suitable Conditions for Overhead Cranes

Overhead cranes are suitable for a wide range of industrial settings, including manufacturing plants, warehouses, and construction sites. They are particularly useful in facilities where heavy loads need to be lifted and moved over long distances. Additionally, overhead cranes are well-suited for facilities with limited floor space, as they can be suspended from the ceiling or roof.

Overhead cranes are also ideal for facilities where precision and speed are required, such as in manufacturing plants where heavy equipment needs to be moved quickly and accurately. These cranes are also suitable for facilities where there is a need to move heavy loads in multiple directions, as overhead cranes can move along a range of axes.

Unsuitable Conditions for Overhead Cranes

While overhead cranes are suitable for a wide range of industrial settings, there are some conditions in which they may not be ideal. For example, facilities with low ceilings may not have enough space to accommodate overhead cranes. Similarly, plant facilities are not suitable when they are not able to withstand the weight of the overhead crane and lift heavy objects.

Additionally, overhead cranes require special protective measures when used in harsh or corrosive plant conditions. Because in such conditions, crane components may be damaged or corroded over time, reducing the crane&#;s effectiveness and potentially causing safety problems.

Gantry Cranes -The ideal types of cranes for outdoor plant conditions

Gantry cranes are a type of crane that is used for lifting and moving heavy objects in a variety of industrial settings. These cranes are typically supported by two or more legs that run along rails or tracks, allowing them to move horizontally as well as vertically.

Advantages of Gantry Cranes

One of the primary advantages of gantry cranes is their mobility. These cranes can be easily moved and positioned around a facility, allowing them to be used in a variety of locations. Additionally, gantry cranes can lift heavy loads with ease, making them ideal for industrial settings such as construction sites, shipping yards, and manufacturing plants.

Another advantage of gantry cranes is their versatility. These cranes can be customized to meet the specific needs of a facility, with different models and configurations available to suit a range of applications. Gantry cranes can also be equipped with a range of features such as hoists, trolleys, and remote controls, which increases their flexibility and adaptability.

Suitable Conditions for Gantry Cranes

Gantry cranes are suitable for a wide range of industrial settings, including manufacturing plants, shipping yards, and construction sites. They are particularly useful in facilities where heavy loads need to be lifted and moved over long distances. Additionally, gantry cranes are well-suited for facilities with limited floor space, as they can be positioned above machinery or other obstacles.

Gantry cranes are also ideal for facilities where mobility and versatility are required. These cranes can be easily moved and positioned, allowing them to be used in a variety of locations. Additionally, gantry cranes can be customized to meet the specific needs of a facility, making them a popular choice in industries such as construction and manufacturing.

Unsuitable Conditions for Gantry Cranes

While gantry cranes are suitable for a wide range of industrial settings, there are some conditions in which they may not be ideal. For example, facilities with low ceilings may not have enough space to accommodate gantry cranes. Similarly, plants with uneven surfaces or limited floor space may not be able to support the movement and lifting of gantry cranes.

Additionally, the gantry crane in some often windy and rainy conditions of use, the lifting mechanism to do rain cover and other protective facilities, or the use of special outrigger design and other measures to ensure the safety of crane operations.

Jib Cranes &#; The best types of cranes to assist with large lifting equipment

Jib cranes are a type of crane that is typically used in smaller industrial settings for lifting and moving loads. These cranes consist of a horizontal beam or jib that is supported by a vertical mast, allowing them to rotate and extend to reach objects in a specific area.

Advantages of Jib Cranes

One of the primary advantages of jib cranes is their compact size. These cranes are typically smaller than other types of cranes such as overhead or gantry cranes, making them ideal for facilities with limited space. Additionally, jib cranes are relatively simple in design and easy to operate, making them a cost-effective option for smaller operations.

Another advantage of jib cranes is their versatility. These cranes can be installed in a variety of locations, such as on the wall or column, allowing them to be used in areas where floor space is limited. Additionally, jib cranes can be customized with different types of hoists and trolleys, allowing them to handle a wide range of loads.

Suitable Conditions for Jib Cranes

Jib cranes are suitable for a variety of industrial settings, particularly those with limited space. They are commonly used in manufacturing plants, warehouses, and workshops for tasks such as lifting and moving materials and equipment.

Jib cranes are particularly well-suited for facilities where loads need to be moved quickly and efficiently over a short distance. Additionally, these cranes are ideal for facilities with high ceilings, as they can be mounted on the ceiling or a supporting column to maximize floor space.

Unsuitable Conditions for Jib Cranes

While jib cranes are suitable for many industrial settings, there are some conditions in which they may not be ideal. For example, jib cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads need to be lifted and moved over a long distance, as they have a limited reach compared to other types of cranes.

Additionally, free-standing jib cranes may not be suitable for use in environments where the ground structure is soft, as the base of the crane must be firmly anchored to prevent tipping.

Portable Gantry Cranes &#; The most flexible types of cranes

Portable gantry cranes are cranes that can be easily moved and transported to different locations. These cranes consist of a horizontal beam supported by two vertical legs and wheels that generally use gimbals, making it possible to lift and move loads around the area in a flexible manner.

Advantages of Portable Gantry Cranes

One of the primary advantages of portable gantry cranes is their flexibility. These cranes can be easily moved and set up in different locations, making them ideal for facilities that require frequent lifting and moving of loads in various areas. Additionally, portable gantry cranes are relatively easy to assemble and disassemble, requiring minimal tools and equipment.

Another advantage of portable gantry cranes is their versatility. These cranes can be customized with different types of hoists and trolleys, allowing them to handle a wide range of loads. Additionally, portable gantry cranes are available in different sizes and weight capacities, making them suitable for a variety of applications.

Suitable Conditions for Portable Gantry Cranes

Portable gantry cranes are suitable for a variety of industrial settings, particularly those where loads need to be lifted and moved in different locations. They are commonly used in construction sites, shipyards, and workshops for tasks such as lifting and moving materials and equipment.

Portable gantry cranes are particularly well-suited for facilities where there is limited overhead clearance or where permanent overhead cranes are not practical. Additionally, these cranes are ideal for facilities that require frequent changes to the lifting and moving areas, as they can be easily moved to different locations as needed.

Unsuitable Conditions for Portable Gantry Cranes

While portable gantry cranes are suitable for many industrial settings, there are some conditions in which they may not be ideal. For example, portable gantry cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads need to be lifted and moved over a long distance, as they have a limited reach compared to other types of cranes.

Additionally, portable gantry cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads are extremely heavy or require a high elevation, as the weight capacity and height of the crane may be limited. Portable gantry cranes may also not be ideal for facilities where there is limited floor space, as the legs of the crane can take up a significant amount of space.

Workstation Overhead Cranes &#; The best types of cranes for small and medium-sized plants

Workstation overhead cranes are a type of overhead crane that is designed for use in small areas, such as factories, workshops, and warehouses. These cranes are typically used to lift and move materials and equipment within a specific workstation or area.

Advantages of Workstation Overhead Cranes

One of the primary advantages of workstation overhead cranes is their ability to maximize floor space. These cranes are designed to operate within a specific workstation or area, allowing them to move loads without taking up valuable floor space. This makes them ideal for facilities with limited space, where the use of a larger overhead crane would not be practical.

Another advantage of workstation overhead cranes is their ease of use. These cranes are typically operated by a single worker using a remote control, allowing for precise and efficient movement of loads. Additionally, workstation overhead cranes are available in a range of sizes and weight capacities, making them suitable for a variety of applications.

Suitable Conditions for Workstation Overhead Cranes

Workstation overhead cranes are suitable for a range of industrial settings, particularly those where space is at a premium. They are commonly used in manufacturing facilities, assembly lines, and workshops for tasks such as moving materials and equipment between workstations.

Workstation overhead cranes are particularly well-suited for facilities where loads need to be moved quickly and efficiently within a specific area. Additionally, these cranes are ideal for facilities that require frequent changes to the workstation layout, as they can be easily moved and repositioned as needed.

Unsuitable Conditions for Workstation Overhead Cranes

While workstation overhead cranes are suitable for many industrial settings, there are some conditions in which they may not be ideal. For example, these cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads need to be moved over a long distance or to a high elevation, as their range and height may be limited.

Additionally, workstation overhead cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads are extremely heavy, as the weight capacity of the crane may be limited. Workstation overhead cranes may also not be ideal for facilities where there is limited overhead clearance, as the crane may interfere with other equipment or structures.

Conclusion

Different types of cranes have unique features that make them suitable for specific industrial applications. By understanding the advantages and limitations of each type of crane, facility managers can choose the most appropriate crane for their operations. Here are some recommendations based on the information provided:
For facilities with limited floor space:

For facilities that require frequent lifting and moving of loads in different areas:

For smaller industrial facilities with limited space:

For facilities that need to move heavy loads quickly and accurately:

For facilities that require efficient and precise movement of loads within a specific workstation or area:

It is important to note that each type of crane has limitations and may not be suitable for certain applications. For example, overhead cranes and gantry cranes may not be ideal for facilities with low ceilings environments. Jib cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads must be moved over a long distance or to a high elevation. Portable gantry cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads need to be moved over a long distance or to a high elevation, or where there is limited floor space. Workstation overhead cranes may not be suitable for facilities where loads need to be moved over a long distance or to a high elevation, or where there is limited overhead clearance.
In summary, facility managers should carefully consider their specific application requirements and the advantages and limitations of each type of crane before making a decision. By doing so, they can choose the most appropriate crane for their operations, optimize their workflow, and ensure a safe and efficient work environment.

Zora Zhao

Expert in Overhead Crane/Gantry Crane/Jib Crane/Crane Parts Solutions

With 10+ years of experience in the Crane Overseas Export Industry, helped 10,000+ customers with their pre-sales questions and concerns, if you have any related needs, please feel free to contact me!

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Industrial Cranes

Types of Cranes are essential in manufacturing or maintenance applications in the industry. These are the material movement machinery that uses levers and pulleys to operate the arm. This long truss lifts and lowers carries that cannot be done by manual power or small machinery. There are different types of Industrial Cranes are used every day in a huge number of industries; they are mainly used in heavy construction projects.

In simple words, an industrial crane is an instrument or technology used to carry loads and bridge the gap if it exists anywhere in the process component or structure by carrying and adjusting the heavy loads. There are different types of cranes used in different jobs.

Types of Cranes

Different cranes are designed for different jobs and functions. A few names are Aerial Crane, Bridge Crane, Crawler Crane, Gantry Crane, Jib Crane, Railroad Crane, Rough Terrain Crane, Ship Deck Crane, Tower Crane, Truck Mounted Crane, Workstation Crane, Overhead Cranes, and many more. These types of Industrial Cranes are used worldwide.

In , Sampson Moore in England designed and supplied the first-ever electric Overhead Crane that was used to hoist guns at the Royal Arsenal in London. The first crane manufacturing company was in Germany, Ludwig Stuckenholz Company, in the year . Industrial Cranes are used in hoisting and lifting heavy instruments or equipment, which is not possible manually.
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Here are 7 different types of industrial cranes used in different jobs, projects, and environments. Among this, we categorised different types of cranes into Mobile Cranes and Fixed Cranes. 

Mobile Cranes

Mobile cranes, whether mounted on crawlers or tyres, provide increased mobility compared to traditional cranes. These cranes can be driven on highways, enhancing their versatility. Their adept navigation on job sites and capacity to lift substantial loads contribute to their widespread adoption on various projects.

1. Overhead Cranes

Overhead Cranes also known as Bridge Crane, is a type of crane found in industrial environments. It consists of parallel runways with a traveling bridge spanning the gap. And a lifting component moves along the bridge. These are manufactured in a number of configurations based on applications reason why there are general safety tips for Overhead Cranes that have to be followed.

Overhead Cranes are of many types and are typically used where efficiency or downtime are the critical factors. (Electric Overhead Travelling) EOT Crane is used in many factories; it is an electric crane operated by a control pendant, radio/IR, remote pendant, or from an operator cabin. These cranes are generally used in carrying heavy loads in factories.

2. Carry Deck Crane

A Carry Deck Crane is versatile and compact lifting equipment commonly used in construction and industrial settings. It is characterised by a flat deck for transporting materials, and its unique design features a rotating boom with a load capacity typically ranging from 8 to 15 tons. The crane's compact size and manoeuvrability make it well-suited for navigating tight spaces on job sites. 

3. Truck Mounted Cranes

Truck Mounted Cranes are one of the different types of industrial cranes. These are mounted on a rubber tire truck and provide excellent mobility.

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The parts (outriggers) are extended vertically or horizontally and used to stabilize the crane when carrying loads of materials. It helps in making remote areas easy to access and is used widely in construction projects.

3. Crawler Crane

A crawler crane is heavy-duty lifting equipment characterised by its tracked undercarriage, which consists of robust crawler tracks allowing for stability and mobility on diverse terrains. This type of crane is highly adaptable and can efficiently navigate challenging environments, such as construction sites with uneven or soft ground. 

4. Rough Terrain Crane

A Rough Terrain Crane is a crane consisting of a single engine means that the same engine is used to power the undercarriage and the crane.

Rough Terrain Crane is mounted on an undercarriage with four rubber tires and is designed to be used off-road; its outriggers are extended vertically and horizontally to stabilize the crane.

5. Floating Crane

A floating crane is specialised maritime equipment designed for heavy lifting operations on water. Mounted on a floating platform, such as a barge or pontoon, this crane navigates waterways and accesses locations unreachable by land-based cranes. Floating cranes play a crucial role in various marine construction projects, port operations, and offshore installations.

Fixed Cranes

Fixed cranes are usually stationary and require transportation and assembly at the project site. As their names indicate, fixed cranes lack mobility; they are mainly used to lift heavier loads and reach greater heights. These types of cranes are fixed in place until the end of the project.

6. Tower Cranes

Tower Cranes are known to everyone and are the most recognizable crane, and it is used in urban construction projects. They are very tall, and their tall lattice booms reach high into the skylines. Tower cranes are hundreds of feet tall along with long rotating lattice booms mounted at the top.

And are used to construct skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, where they can move material high to the tower from the ground.

7. Gantry Crane

Gantry Cranes are giant; it is one of the world's biggest cranes, capable of lifting more than tons. This crane bridge is fixed to tall wheeled legs at each end of the crane, enabling the entire structure to be mobile.

They are used in harbors and shipyards to load or unload containers and assemble large ship components. Smaller gantry cranes are generally used in warehouses of an industry.

8. Jib Cranes

Jib Cranes are generally used in industrial fabrication works, manufacturing, and maintenance, where raw materials or other components must move in a circular or semi-circular area of coverage.

It consists of a hoist that travels along with a single boom, generally an I-beam or square steel tubing. 

9. Loader Crane

A Loader Crane is a hydraulically powered crane consisting of an articulated arm fitted to the trailer and used to load the equipment onto a trailer.

Loader Crane is eligible to be used in small spaces as it can be folded into several sets or sections. Loader Cranes can quickly be taken or transported because of their quality to get folded. 

10.

Hammerhead Crane

A hammerhead crane is a type of tower crane characterised by its distinctive horizontal jib, resembling the shape of a hammerhead. Construction and urban development projects often require the use of this crane due to the importance of precision and height. The unique design allows for optimal lifting capabilities while minimising the impact on the surrounding environment. Contractors frequently utilise hammerhead cranes for erecting tall buildings and structures.

11. Stacker Crane

Stacker cranes are specialized automated cranes designed for efficient material handling and storage in warehouses and distribution centers. It can move along aisles and retrieve or store goods from high shelving using a vertical lifting mechanism and a horizontal traverse system. Stacker cranes play a pivotal role in optimising storage space and streamlining inventory management processes, contributing to the overall efficiency of automated storage systems.

12. Telescopic Crane

A telescopic crane, also known as a mobile crane or a hydraulic crane, features a telescoping boom that can extend and retract, providing versatility in lifting and reaching various heights. Mobile platforms, such as trucks or wheeled chassis, mount these cranes, offering mobility and adaptability to different job sites. Telescopic cranes find applications in construction, maintenance, and recovery operations, where their ability to quickly set up and makes them valuable for lifting and transporting heavy loads in diverse environments.

Leading Manufacturers of Different Types of Cranes

1. Gorbel Inc.
2. Brehob Corporation
3. Konecranes, Inc
4. Kundel Industries
5. Simmers Crane Design & Services

Advantages of Industrial Cranes

1. Each type of Industrial Crane has different features like load capacities, sizes, lifting weights, and weight.
2. Industrial Crane helps in the mobility of heavy equipment.
3. Industrial Crane helps in the movement of heavy components that travel from one place to another.
4. Bridges the gaps between remote areas and easy to access the unavailable facilities.
5. It makes our country more industrialized and modern.
6. It relieves us from the pain and stress of manual work of lifting heavy loads.
7. It makes the industries and factories, manufacturing, constructions, etc., viable.
8. Due to its structural stability, Industrial Crane is safe and effective in operations in all industry types.

Conclusion

Civil engineers use many different types of cranes during a project. Industrial cranes carry heavy loads and equipment at various destinations; they can move large pipes from one place to another; practically, we all have seen one or another type of Industrial Crane. These are beneficial in the construction process of buildings, bridges, and overpasses.

These are an indispensable asset to the industries. It makes the massive task into a light one. It saves time and manual costs. There is always a different type of industrial crane for a specific kind of project, so one should understand each primary feature.

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